Driving and braking mechanism for vehicles.



J. S. COPELAND.

DRIVING AND BRAKING MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES.

APPLIGATION FILED APBJB 1898. 1,069,603.

Patented Aug. 5, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

3 snEETs sHEET -2.

Patented Aug. 5, 1913.

J. S. COPELAND. DRIVING AND BRAKING MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED APILZS), 1898.

J. S. COPELAND;

nmvme AND BRAKING MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES. APPLIGATIOH FILED P3129, 1898.

1,069,603. Patented Aug. 5, 1913.

3 SHEETSSHEBT 3.

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UNITED 's'r arEs arana OFFICE.

JAMES S. COPELAND, OIF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT,- ASSIGNOR, BY MESN'E ASSIGN- IMIENTS, TO THENEW'DEPABTURE MANUFACTURING NECTI CUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

COMPANY, OFJBQJSTOL, (EON- DRIVING AND BBAKING MECHANISM FOR VEHICLES To all whom it mag concern Be .it'known that I, JAM-ES SI COPELAND, acitizen; of the United States, and resident of Hart-ford, in the county of Hartford and State of ,Connecticut, have invented certain. new and useful Improvements .in Driving and Braking Mechanisms for Ve hicles, of which the following is a full,

' clear, and exact description whereb' any one skilled in the art can make an use the same.

*The object of my invention is to provide means, readily applicable to various forms of driving mechanism for velocipedes, bi-

cycles and vehicles of that class, by the use ,of. which the motive force employed in movi-ing the vehicle may be so controlled as to have .it' forward, to permit it to run free under its momentum, or to operate the devices as a brake to retard the forward movement of the vehicle.

, ,To this end my invention consists in the showing my invention.

intransverse section through the driving deviceas a whole, in the combination of parts, and, further, in the detailsof parts and their combination as hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in -the claims. a

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a view in central section through the hub of--the driving wheel of a bicycle showin connected frame parts. 'Fig. 2 is a .detai view in side elevation of a rear fork and Fig. 3 IS a View ring thrusts. Fig. 6-is a view of the hub of the driving wheel and connected members with parts broken away to show construction. Fig.. 7 is a View in elevation showing the inner surface of the brake disk. Fig.

. Blis a detail view in elevation of theclutch drum showing a ball carrier within it. Fig. 9 is a view in elevation of the part shown in Fig. 8, looking into the clutch drum from the outside.

Specification of Letters ilatent.

Application filed April 28,1898. Serial No. 679,185.

Patented Aug. 5,1913.-

In the accompanying drawings the parts which directly relate to or are connected with the devices in which the invention resides are the only features fully illustrated, and in connection with a bicycle embodying a chain and sprocket wheels in the driving mechanism, although the invention is not limited to a bicycle or to any special form of main driving means.

The letter a denotes an axle which eX- tends within and through the hub b of a driving wheel and at its opposite ends is secured in any convenient manner to the frame members 0 and d on opposite sides of the said wheel hub, this hub being here shown as that of the usual rear traction wheel of a bicycle.- The nuts, 0 d on the fastening means to hold the axle lengthwise movement.

Near the opposite ends of the exle' a are secured cones e," f and on the balls 6 P, which are arrangedin that part of the ball race formed by these cones, is supported a rotatable driving member shown as a sleeve g. This sleeve ismade in two sections for convenience of construction the ends of the sleevebeing larger in diameter than the central portion. On the hub g at one end against of the sleeve a driver or sprocket gear wheel It is secured as by screwing it onto the threaded surface of the hub and following it up with a lock nut 7L Within this hub g is located a ball case g held in place in any convenient manner and cooperating with the cone 7 to. provide a ball race for the .balls 9. At the back of the hub g on thegrotary member g a shoulder is formed against which a cone 9 is supported on the sleeve, and this cone cooperates with a case secured in the end of the driving wheel hub b the usual ball bearings being located parts. --On the opposite end of the sleeve 9 from the hub a ball car between these rier 2' removably secured. In the form shown lugs 2' extending from the end of the tubular hub of the ball carrier are located in sockets cut into a flange on the surface of the sleeve and the opening in thisliub is eounterbored to form a shoulder z? against which the end of the reduced portion of the sleeve '9 rests. 'A nut 70,

threaded ends of the axle form the specific threaded on its outer surface and shoultion of the sleeve 9 and engages a thread.

dered to encounter the flange within the ball carrier, extends within the reduced sec- This attaching and fastening means holds the two sections of the driving sleeve firmly together so that a rotary movement im{ parted as through the medium of the gearwheel h on--'one end of the sleeve causes a like rotary movement of the ball carrier. This ball carrier '2 has on its inner surface a case l which coiiperates' with the cone 6 to support the balls e By the construction described the driving sleeve or inner hub g is provided with and supported by ball bearings near its opposite ends which enable it to turn freely on the axlea. "Out- 'side of theldriving sleeve 9 the hub b of I the driving wheel is supported with ball bearings between the parts. In that end of the oh 6 adjacent to the ball carrier 71 a clutchjdrum m is arranged socket in the enlarged end of the hub 1),.

For convenience'of construction a removable ring-of metal having a cylindrical portion m with a thread on its periphery and a tapered extension forminga ball case m is employed. This ring is screwed into a a shoulder on the cylindrical "portion m resting against a shoulder in the bottom of 'the threaded socket in the end of the. hub.

The balls m located between the case m? and a cone i on the outer surface of the ball carrier 11, in connection with the balls upon the case b at the other end of the.

hub, enable the hub 72 to turn freely on the driving sleeve g. Except'when the driving sleeve 9 and the hub b are connected by positive means which prevent the rotation of one on the other the huh I) will turn freely on said sleeve, and except for positive con- ,necting means between the sleeve giand the axle a or a part fixedto the axle or frame, 1

the sleeve will turn freely on the axle.-

A convenient means of arranging the bearings between the driving "parts, the axle, the driving sleeve, and 'the hub, has been described, but my improvementis not limited to the specific forms, as other con structions may be employed without avoid ing the main feature of-my improvement.

' To the hub b, and preferably b screwing it upon the enlarged and-threa ed end .of

thehub, a brake drum n. is secured, this drum having a; surfacev against which a clutch part isadaptedto be forced and held. In the form shown the], flange n is arrangedwith' a socket to receivea "shoe n and this shoe is arranged in a plane jpar-.

allel to the axis of the hub.

A brakeanchor shown as aplate or disk 0 having a central support upon the shaft or axle a, is locatedlbetween the: frame ,member cand'the end of the .hub and is held against rotation as by means of an arm its recoil closing movement. 7 of the expanding rin p rest against'a lug ball 0 exteniding along 'a frame member and clamped thereto as by means of a band 0? and the'bolt and nuts 0. It is, however,

onlyessential that this brake anchoring device shall be held on some fixed part of the frame and against rotation. or lateral Inbyement and the precise form is not matrial. An expanding split brake ring p is supported by the brake anchor 0 prefer- Y ably by the engagement of tapered parts,'a shoulder formed on. a circular flange 05 on the face of the disk being undercut and on this the correspondingly shaped inner edge of the expanding ring p'i's fitted.

Whenthe ring is in its normal closed posi-- tion it fits'closely upon theflange and is thus held against accident-a1 removal, and

the expansion of the ring in its operation is so slight as to still retain the ring in place on the flange. jThe-ring is attached to the brake disk by springing it over the flange 0* and then allowing itjto grasp the flangein One end p or shoulder 0 'forme "on or secured to the brake disk 0 in such manner as to hold the ring against a rotary sliding movement on.

its support. The '0 r end go of this ring rests against a-brake lever 1' which is pivv oted to the brake disk and has-its end projecting into the path of movementot a trip device which is supported by'and moys with the ball carrier 2'. I

The preferred form of trip device consists of a series of balls s located in radial sockets 8 formed 1n the periphery ofthe' cylindrical portion of the ball carrier. This circular line of sockets in which theseballs s are locatedis inclosed for the greater part of the circumference of the ball carrier [by v a ring p fthe ring, however, having an open mg throughii't on the outer side through' whicha ball can slide out from thesocket and into a pocket forme'd'onthe tilting ball lever, this pocket stopping the ball inposithe continued rotation of'the ball carrier will rock or tilt the lever in such manner as to expand the split ring or {the brake mechanism and cause it' to grasp the brake 1'10 ;i]i0l1 as illustrated 1n F1g. 4 of the drawings where it'forms a wedge in suchnianner that drum, which is fast to the huboflthe wheel, firmly enough to impede the 'furtherrotation.

of the hub and wheel. fWithin'thejedge of the'clutch 'drum anoth ervline of-{ballsft is located inradialsockets inthe periphery of j the ball carrier, and on theinner surface of the clutch drum. isform'ed a seriesof, sockets deeper at one end than the other,- the bottom of each socket being formed, on

a line"- tangential to the surface of the ball carrier. 'Theses'ockets are so arranged that one or more of the balls ti will drop into them and'be wedged into position as shown in Fig. 3 or, the drawings, so. as to fcause incomes The operation of the device 1s as follows:

The parts being arranged in the relativeposition in Figs. 1 and 6 of the drawings, a forward rotary movement imparted tothe driving sleeve causes the parts-borne by the ball carrier to engage the clutch drum, and as the' latter 'is' secured to the hub of the wheel it causes the wheel to be driven for-. I

ward also, and thus move the vehicle, NVhen the driving sleeve 9 is connected by suitable driving mechanism with the crank shaft having pedals the rider of the vehicle, as a bicycle, can atanystime stopv the forward rotary movement of-the crank shaft and the' momentum of the bicycle will enable it to continue 1ts forward movement. By this pause in the iorward driving movement of the crank shaft the driving sleeve 9 is held against rotation :and the clutch drum and parts connected to it allowed to rotate freely. The pocket and the opening in the guard ring on the brake disk are so arranged that the balls 8 do not impede the rotary movement of the ball carrier when the wheel is. being driven forward, but when it is desired m apply the brake a reverse rotary movement, as through the medium of the edals and crank shaft and connected drivmg mechanism, causes the driving sleeve 9 to turn in a direction that causes a balls to lodge between the edge of the socket s and the upper end of the brake lever. A

continued application of force in the same direct-ion ti s the lever and puts on the vehicle, as a bicycle, is. under perfect con-' trol in its forward driving, in running free 0 as; for coasting, and its forward movement is under control by the ap lication of jaband brake which is operated y back pedal= ing-or by direct pull on a sleeve as described. i It is obvious that other means than those 55 herein shown and described *forfoprating bra-ke- The brake lever is preferably conin opposite directions upon a brake ring to cause it to bind a rotating part may be employed and yet come within the scope of my invention, and I do not desire to limit myself to the precise means ofaccomplishing such result as herein shown, as any means of attaining this end will come within the scope of the invention.

From the foregoing description it is apparent that when the brake actuating memher or ball carrier 2' is rocked backwardly, the brake lever 2'", acting upon what may be termed the free end of the braking device or ring 79, pushes this free end of the brake ring in the direction of forward rotation of the hub and thus expands the ring against the hubs inner braking surface. Thus, when the ring is being expanded any tendency of the rotatinghub drum n is to pick up the free end of the brake ringsand carry it further into braking position rather than to merely wipe down such end. Furthermore, as indicated in Figs. 3 and i, what may be termed the rear end of the brake ring loosely abuts against the lug 0 so that it has movable connection therewith, whereby in the braking action even this rear end can move outwardly into braking contact with the brake drum, the brake ring thus making braking contact throughoutits entire-peripheral braking surface, from end to end of the brake ring. I

It is also apparent that in my mechanism all parts necessary to supplement the usual and ordinary pedals and sprocket chain, or their substitutes, in order to permit the bi-. cycle to be driven, to coast with the riders feet at rest on the pedals, and to be braked by action of the pedals are compactly assembled at the hub of the wheel. And, such parts being carried by the hub and held to gether against accidental separation from each other, the whole mechanism, for thus supplementing the ordinary pedals and chain can be handled and transported as a.

unitary device entirely apart from'the bicycleitself and even apart from the body of the wheel intended to receive such unitary device. The hub and its .carried parts he ing produced and shipped as a unitary de- 5 vice, it is only necessary for a recipient to fasten the hub to thespokes of a usual wheel, slip the axle into the usual forks of thee-customary frame, place the ordinary sprocket-chain about the sprocket wheel h, and fasten the brake anchor o to the'appropri-ate frame i-art, all of which can be readilydone; w th a bicycle frame of usual and: ordinary construction. Furthermore, the parts are protected from 'dirtfland v in-- 1 5 Iclaim as ,my invention: v

Ina velpcipede or the'like, the combination with an axle, anda driving wheel havin-grits hubabout said"axle,-of a driving 130 member rotatable about-said axle and with respect to which said hub is independently rotatable, means whereby said hub is driven when said driving member is rotated in one direction but said hub can rotate independently of said driving member, and means actuated by said driving member whereby said hub is braked when said-driving mem beris moved in the opposite direction; substantially as described.

2. In a velocipede or the like, the combination of a rotatably supported driving member, a driving traction-wheel with its hub having support upon said driving member and rotatable independently thereof, and means whereby, said hub is driven when said driving member is rotated in one direction, but said hub can rotate independently of said driving member, and said hub is braked when said driving member is moved in the opposite direction; substantially as described.

3. In a velocipede or the like, the combination of a rotatably supported driving member, a driving traction-wheel with its hub having support upon said driving member and rotatable independently thereof, a

, braking device,;means whereby said hub'is driven when said driving member is rotated in one direction, but said hub can rotate independently. of said driving -member, and means actuated by said driving member whereby when said driving member is moved in the opposite direction said braking'deyice,

serves to brake said hub substantially asidescribed.

4.'In a velocipede or the like, the combination of a rotatably supported driving member, a driving traction-wheel with its hub having support u on said driving member and rotatable in ependently thereof, a braking device within said hub, means with-.

in said hub whereby said hub is drivenwhen said driving member is rotated in one directidn, but said hub'can rotate hide-pend ently of said driving member, and means within said hub and actuated'by' said fdriv- 1ng member whereby when said driving member moved in the opposite direction said brakingdevice serves to brake said hub;

5. Ina velocipede or the like, the com-' bination ofanaxle, a driving sleeve rotav tably mounted upon "said'axle, a wheel 'lmb' having support upon said sleeve to 'rotateindependently thereof, and means whereby said hub is driven when said driving sleeve -isfrota-ted one direction, but said hub can .rotatelindependently of said sleeve, and

fin .theyo posite direction; substantially as said hub iisbrakedwhen said sleeve ,is moved ""deseribe' i of a e e rs p rted-drive having support upon said driving sleeve and rotatable independently thereof, a braking device, a clutch element carried bysaid sleeve for connecting said sleeve to said hub to drive said hub. when said sleeve is rotated in one direction but enabling said hub to rotate independently of said sleeve, and operative connection also carried by said the opposite direction; substantially as described.- r

7.. In a 'v'elocipede or the like, the combination of an axle, a driving sleeve rotatably mounted upon said axle, a wheel hub having support upon said sleeve to rotate anchor for said braking device, said anchor being supported upon said axle and anchored to a relatively stationary structural element of the velocipede, a clutch element carried by said sleeve for connecting said sleeve to said hub to drive said hub when said sleeve is rotated in one direction but enabling said hub to rotate independently of said sleeve, and operative connection also carried by said sleeve to eifect braking of said hub by said braking device when said sleeve is moved in the o posite direction; substantially as described? I l 8. A driving, braking andcoasting. mechber h-respect to which said' hub 1s rota .table,

direction, but said hub can rotate independs'ubstantially as described. I a

9; In a velocipede or the;like, the combi-' nation with. a frame, an axle supported therein, a driving, wheel having its hub about said axle, and a braking device, of a driving sleeve between said axle and said hub, said sleeve'being rotatable about said axle and said hub being ro-tatableabout said sleeve, means whereby said hub is driven when said and :means whereby "when said sleeve is ing-device serves to brakesaid hub; 'sub-' stant ally as described.

1 0: In a velocipede or the like, the combisaid sleeve being'bet'ween said axleand said means whereby said hub is driven entljypf said driving member, means where by braking of said hub is effected when said moved in: the. opposite direction said bark-,-

sleeve rotatably mounted upon said/axle,

hub and furnishingfab aring forsaid hub, v.

sleeve to eifect braking of said hub by said 1 braking devicev when said sleeve is, moved in independently thereof, a braking device, an 7 4 anism"for. ireloc1pedes and the like, compris I ing awhe'eli'hub, a rotatable drivin mex'nwhen s'aid driving member is rotated in'one sleeve 'is rotatedin one direction but said hub can rotate independently of said sleeve,

natidirwith a frame,- an axle. supported said braking device serves to brake said hub; substantially as described.

said h'ub being" rotatable about said sleeve,

. ently of' silid sleeve, and a means 'whereby cessible 'from the exterior of. said hub, a

in}: device serves;to ;brake said hub, all of said elements: being carried with said hub and-he] dl-against accidental separation there- ,frc-mgljsubstantially a s'described.

anisin or,veloeipedes andltheilike, comprising' tin-axle a wheel; hub about the .sarrie, a

and said hub being rotatable about said nation with a frame, an axle supported therein, a driving wheel having its hub about said hubs substantially as described. 1 I

13'. :Adriving, braking and'coasting meclr" anismy f or velocipedes and the like, comprising :a wheel hub, a braking device, a brakedependently of. said drivingz'member, and

bra king device and accessible from the extedependently of said drivinglfinember', and

sleeve, means whereby said hub is driven when said sleeve is rotated in one direction but said hub can rotate independently of said sleeve, and means whereby when said sleeve is moved in the opposite direction 11. In a velocipede ,or the, like, the combination a with a frame, an axle supported therein, a driving wheel having its hub about said axle, and abl'aking device,of a driving sleeve between said axle and said hub and rotatable about said axle, said sleeve having a bearing cone thereon, a bearing. for the hu between said cone and said hub, said hub being rotatable about said 'sleeve and on said bearing, means whereby said hub is driven when said sleeve is rotated in one direction but said hub can rotate independ-j ently of said sleeve, and means wherebyv when said sleeve is moved in the opposite 'directicn said braking device serves to brake, saidhub; substantially as described.

12. In a velocipede or the like, the combisaid axle} and a. braking'device, of, a driving sleeve between said axle and said hub," said sleeve"beihgirotatable about said axle and one-way: clutch, -mechan isn1 betweenjfsaid, sleeve and. said. hub,whereby when said;- sleeve is rotated in one direction said hub is. driven but said hub can rotate independwhen said "sleeve is moved thev opposite direction said brdking device serves to brake support holdingsaid braking device and .ac-

driving membenlmeans whereby said hub is (lI'lVQH WllGIl 'sald driving member is rotated in one direction but. said hub canrotate inmeans whereby when said driving member is moved in the-oppositedirection said brak- -Idriving, b king {and coasting mechbraking device,albrake support holding said Irior ofsaid 'hub,, 'a' driving member: rotatable "about said axle, means wherebylsaidhubx is .i-driven when said driving'member. is rotated in one direction but said'hiibfean"rotatein means whereby when. said driving member is moved'ih the opp'osite direction said brakingdevice serves to brake said hub, all of said elements being carried together andheld against accidental separation; substantially as described.

15. A driving, bral:ing and coasting mechanism for velocipedes and the like, comprising an axle, adriving member rotatable tlcreon, means for securing 831d driving member against accidental separation from said axle, abrake-support upon said axle, means for securing said brake-support againstaccidental separation from said axle, a braking device held'by said brake-sup: port, a rotatable Wheel hub having support upon said driving member and held against accidental separation with respect thereto,

said hub extending substantially fromsaid,

driving member to said brake-support,

means within said hub and whereby said hub is driven when said driving member is'.

between said sleeve and said hub, and a -brake clutch between said sleeve and said braking device'and at the side of said driving clutch with respect to the longitudinal i xis of said sleeve; substantially as described. p

17. In a driving, brakin and coasting mechanism, a hub, a rotatab e sleeve within said hub and with respect to whichsaid hub is'independently rotatable, a driving clutch between said sleeve and said hub. and of a character to permit said hub to rotate inde pendently of said sleeve, asplit brake-ring coiiperating with; said hub, a brake lever cooperating with said brake-ring, and a brake clutch bet-Ween said sleeve and said brake lever; substantially as described.

18. In a driving and brake mechanism for vehicles, a brake including a rotary member and a stationary member, avsplit ringfast ,to the stationary member, a stop on a fixed member and engaging'one end of the split gage the brake lover, a drive clutch in op- 'efrative relation to the carrier, and means-f for; operating the carrier whereby the ve-' 'hicle is drivenio'rward in one-direction of.

1.2 .ring, a brake lever adapted to engage the opposite end of'the split ring, a ball carrier,

pawls carried thereby and adapted to envrotation of theca'rrier and, the brake ring operated. in a reverse direction of rotation thereof substantially as described 19. In a drive and brake'mechanism, in combination, a rotary member having a brake surface, a driving member, a drive clutch connecting said members in one direction of rotary movement, means for rotating the driving member, a non rotary split ring held on a fixed part having a stop in engagement with one end of the ring, a movable part located on the driving member and means adapted to connect the driving member and thefree end of the split ring in a reverse movement of the driving member whereby the split ring grasps the brake surface on the rotary. member; substantially as described.

20. In a driving and brake mechanism, in combination, a rotary member, a driving member, a drive clutch connecting said members in one direction of rotary movement,

means for operating the driving member, a

disk fixed to the frame of the vehicle and *having an annular flange with an undercut edge, a split ring with an undercut surface fitting that on the said flange, a fixed stop inengagement with one end of said split ring, a brake lever on said disk and engaging the lever in a reverse movement of the driving member substantially as I described.

- 21. In abrake mechanism, in combination, a rotary member having a brake surface, means for driving said member, a non-rotary split ring held on a fixed part having a stop in engagement with one end of the ring, a brake-actuating member within said rotary member, a; movable part located on the brake-actuating, member, and means adapted to connect the brake-actuating member and the free end of the split ring in a reverse movement of the brake-actuating) member rake surdescribed.

22. In a-driving and brake mechanism, in combination, a rotary member having a brake surface, a driving member, a drive clutchconnecting said members in one di:

rection ofrotary movement, means for op. crating the driving member, a disk fixed to the frame of the vehicle and having an annular flange, a split ring supported on said flange, a fixed stop. in engagement with one end of said ring, and means including a movable part located on the drivin member'for connectin the driving mcm er and as described.

the free-end of t e split ring in a reverse movement of the driving member and where- 23. In a deviceofthe character described,- the combination with inner and outer con-- of the supporting shaft, aninner hub or ,tia ly as described.

tinuous sleeves, of means for driving the inner sleeve, independent ball bearings for each end of each sleeve, and a clutch between the two sleeves; substantially as described. i

24. In a bicycle hub the combination with a driving sleeve and a driven sleeveboth extending practically from one end tothe other of the hub, of a clutch which connects the driven sleeve with the driving sleeve when the latter is moved forward and. disconnects said sleeves when the driving sleeve is held stationary or moved backward; substantially as described.

25. In a cycle, the combination with the rear shaft, of a wheel having its hub comprising two independent continuous sleeves extending from end to end of said hub, the outer sleeve having flanges for the spokes and the inner sleeve having means at one I so Y end whereby it may be rotated, and a clutch intermediate said sleeves; substantially as described.

26. In a cycle, the combination with the rear axle, of an inner sleeve adapted to ro-. tate thereon and to which power is applied, an outer sleeve having spoke flanges, both of said sleeves being continuous from end to end of the hub, independentbearings for said sleeves, and a clutch intermediate said sleeves; .substantlally as described.

27. A coasting and br'akinir hub consistin'g, essentially of an inner hub or gear sleeve rotatably mounted on the supporting shaft, an outeror wheel hub supported rotatably on said gear sleeve, an independent coasting clutch arranged to automatically clutch together and to release said gear sleeve and outer hub, a brake mechanism, an independent braking clutch elementmounted upon said inner sleeve and engag ing said brake mechanism, the backwardmovement of said gear: sleeve lockin' geth'er the members of said braking'c utch and applying the brake and the forward movement of said sleeve'releasing said clutch and brake, said coasting .and braking clutches b-ein wholly disconnected from each other and operating in parallel planes; substantially. as described.

28. A coastingjhub consisting, essentially, wear sleeve mounted on said supporting'sIi-aft T and rotating independently thereon,- an

outeror wheel hub wholly supported rotatably on said gear sleeve, and means for automatically. clutching together and unclutchin said gearsleeve and outer hub substan- 29. A coasting and braking hub consisting, essentially, of a supporting shaft, an

to-' I inner sprocket or gear sleeve amounted rof tatably and independently thereon, an'onter or wheel hubwholly'supported rotatably on said gear sleeve, means for. automatically 13o driver and projectedwithin the hub and clutch devices for connectin the driver and sleeve with the hub for driving the wheel or with the brake mechanism to apply the brake; substantially as described.

31. In a bicycle the combination with a supporting axle and a wheel hub, of a driver provided with a connected sleeve mounted upon the axle and projected within the hub, a brake mechanism comprising a brake act-uator and clutch devices for connecting the driver sleeve with the hub or the brake ac-' tuator; substantially as described.

32. In a bicycle,'the combination with a supporting axle and a wheel hub, of a driver located at one end of the hub and a brake mechanism located at the opposite end of the hub, asleeve connected to the driver and projected laterally within the hub, and a clutchLconnection between the said sleeve 'and the brake mechanism; substantially as described.

33. In a bicycle, the combination with aabra ke drum carried by the hub, a driver mounted at the opposite end of the hub, 40

suitable pedals and connections for actuating l the driver, and a detachable rotative connect'in'. device controlled by the pedals the driver for connecting said driver with the hub or brake, or for disconnecting it from both; substantially as 34. Acoasting hub consisting, essentially, of a sup-porting shaft, a drivin or gear sleeverota'tably supported, at a p urality of points thereon, an outer or wheel hub rota tably mounted on said gear sleeve and pro-.

vided witha brake drum, means cooperating with said brake drum to apply a brake thereto, and means for automatically clutching together said gear sleeve and outer hub for driving the wheel and unclutching the same for-coasting; substantially as described.

' '35. A coasting hub consisting, essentially, of a supporting jshaft, a drivin or gear sleeve rotatably supported at a p uralitycf.

for automatically clutching together said gear sleeve and outer hub for driving the Wheel and unc-lutching the same for coasting; substantially as described.

' 36. A coasting hub consisting, essentially, of a supporting shaft, a driving or gear sleeve rotatably supported at a plurality of locations thereon and provided at one end with a driver, an outer or Wheel hub rot-atably mounted on said gear sleeve, and pro-.

vided with a brake drum located at the.

opposite end of the hub from the driver, means for applying a brake to said drum,

and means for automatically clutching toget-herand unclutching said gear sleeve and outer hub; substantially as described.

37 A coasting hub consisting, essentially, of a suporting shaft, a driving gear sleeve rotatably mounted thereon and provided at one end with a driver, an outer or wheel hub rot-atabl mounted on said gear sleeve and provide with a brake drum located at the opposite end of the hub from thedriver, a clutch pawllocated outside of said gear sleeve and in suitable relation to said brake drum to cooperate therewith in braking, and means for automatically clutching together and unclutching said gear sleeve and outer hub; substantially as described. f 38. A coasting hub co'hsisting, essentially, of a supporting shaft, a -'driv1ng*or gear sleeve rotatably mounted thereon "and provided at one end with a driverfanouter or wheel hub bearing rotatably "on said gear sleeve andprovided with a: brake drum. located at theopposite end of the hub-from. the driver, a clutch pawl located outside of said gear sleeve and within the lines of said brake drum and in suitable relation thereto to coiiperate therewith in braking, and means for automatically clutching together and unclu tching said gear sleeve andouter hub; substantially as described.

39. A coasting hub consisting, essentially, of a supporting shaft, a. driving or gear sleeve rotatably mounted thereon and pro-' vided at one end with, a driver, an outer or Wheel hub wholly supported rotatably on said gear sleeve and provided with a brake drum located at the opposite end of the hub from the driver, means for applying a brake to said drum and means forautomatically clutching together-and unclutching said gear sleeve and outer hub; substantially as described.

40. A coasting hub consisting, essentially,

sideof said gear sleeve an in suitable relation to said brake drum to cotiperate therewith in braking, and means for automat-ically clutching together and unclutching said geagi' sleeve and outer hub; substantiallyl as described. i 41. A coasting and braking hubponsist-ing, essentially, of a supporting shaft, a driving or gear sleeve mounted rotatably thereon, an outer or wheel hub wholly supporte d,rotatably on said gear sleeve, and means for automatically clutching together and unclutch- I ing said gear sleeve and outer hub, a drivin sprocket or gear secured to one end of sai gear sleeve, a brake arranged at the opposite end of said hub, and means for operating said brake by the backward rotation of the crank shaft; substantially as described.

42. A coasting and braking hub consisting, essentially, of a supporting shaft, a driving gear sleeve supported rotatably at a plurality of locations thereon, an outer or wheel hub supported rotatably on said gear sleeve, and means for automatically clutching together and unclutchfng said gear sleeve and outer hub, a driving sprocket or gear secured toone end. of said gear sleeve, a brake arranged at the opposite .endof said hub, and means for operating said brake by a backward rotation of the crank shaft; substantially as described. 3

43. In a bicycle hub the combination with a driving sleeve and a driven sleeve provided with a' braking drum, both sleeves extending practically from one end to the other of the hub, of means for applying a brake to said drum and a clutch which connectsthe driven sleeve with the driving sleeve when the latter is moved forward and disconnects said sleeveswhen the driving sleeve is held sta tionary or moved backward; substantially as described.

44. In a device of the character described, the combination with inner and outer continuous sleeves, the latter provided with a braking drum, of means for driving the inner sleeve, independent ball bearings for .each end of said, sleeve, a clutch between the ,two sleeves, and means for applying a brake to saidbraking drum; substantially as described. i

45. In a cycle, the combination with the rear shaft, of a wheel having its hub comprising two independent continuous sleeves. extending from end to end of said hub, the outer sleeve being provided with a braking drum and having connections for the spokes and the inner sleeve having means at one end whereby it may be rotated, a clutch intermediate said sleeves, and means for applying a brake to said braking drum; substantially as described.-

46. In a cycle, the combination with the rear axle, of an inner sleeve adapted to rotate thereon and to which power is applied, an outer sleeve provided with a braking drum rind having spoke connections both of said sleeves being continuous from end .to endv of the hub, independent bearings for said sleeves, a clutch intermediate said sleeves, and means for applying a brake to said braking drum; substantially as described.

47. The combination with a Wheelhub, of abrake mechanism located at one end of the hnb'and a driver located at the opposite end of said hub, a sleeve connected with the driver and projectedwit-hin the hub and arranged to hear at more than one point on the supporting shaft, and clutch devices .for connecting the driver and sleeve with the hub for driving the wheel, or with the brake mechanism to apply the brake; substantially as described. I

48. In a bicycle, thejcombination with a supporting axle and a wheel hub, of a driver provided with a connected-sleeve mounted upon the axle and projected within thehub,

said sleeve being supported at av plurality of locations on said supporting axle, a brake mechanism comprising a brake actuator, and clutch devices for connectin the driver sleeve with the hub or the brake actuator;

substantially as described.

49. In a bicycle, the combination With a supporting axle and a wheel hub, of a driver located at one'en'dof the hub and-abrake mechanism located at the opposite end of the hub, a sleeve connected to the driver and projected laterally within the hub, said sleeve bearing at a plurality -of-points on said supporting axle, and a clutch connection between the said sleeve and the brake mechanism substantially as described,

50. In a coasting brake mechanism, the combination with a-wheel hub provided with 7 an inner braking surface, of driving means, an extensible braking element, means for retaining the same in non-rotatableposition, one end of said extensible braking element having a movable connectionwith said retaining means, means for exerting pressure. against the opposite end of said extensible braking elementto force the same fri'ction ally against said braking surface of the hub on reversing'saidj driving means, and means for causing the direction of said pressure to coincide with the direction of forwardrotation of the wheel; substantially as described.-

51. In a hub brake mechanism, a wheel] hubprovided with an inner braking surface,

a non-rotatable anchoring plate supported at one point by ,theaxle and engagm the frame of the vehicle at a distance there om, a non-rotatable, expansible split ring brake member having 'one end movably engaging said anchoring plate, driving means, means operated by said driving'means for forcing the entire braking surface of saidbrake rin member into braking contact with said bra 'ng surface of the hub by'press'ure exerted upon the opposite end' of-saidsplit vSIS substantially as described.

5 52. The combination of a stationary supporting shaft, a revoluble hub provided with an inner braking surface and driving means,

braking means supported by said shaft, means for connecting said driving means and said hub forforward driving and dis; connecting the same for coasting, a driving or crankshaft and means for'producin contact between said'braking means an said braking surface of the hub for braking the latter upon the reverse movement of said driving or crank shaft, said braking means embodying anon-rotatable braking element having its entire braking surface movable against said braking surface of the hub and held in position by a stationary fixture supported at one point by said supporting shaft and having an extension engaging the vehicle frame at a distance from said supporting shaft; substantially as described.

53. The combination of a stationary supporting shaft, a coasting wheel hub revolu- 1y supported thereon and provided with an inner peripheral braking surface, a braking device embodying aradially extensible braking element applicable thereto and means for keeping said braking element 'in nonrotatable position, driving means, and means for moving the entire peripheral braking surface of said extensib e brakingelement outwardly into braking contact with said copies of this patent may be obtained to:

Patent Oflice.

[scan] Corrections in- Letters Patent No. 1,069,603.

hub provided with an inner braking surface,

braking surface of the hub on the reverse movement of said driving means; substantially as described. 54. The combination with a coasting wheel hub provided with an inner-,braking surface, of a brake mechanism comprising a stationary fixture, a slightly movable braking element connected non rotatably'thereto, driving means, and means actuated by the reverse movement of said drivin' means for forcing the entire "peripheral raking surface of said movable braking element outwardly in a radial direction against said braking surface of the hub, said stationary fixture being arranged to be supported by the' axle at one point and having an extension for engaging the vehicle frame at a distance from said axle; substantially as de scribed. v

55. In a hub brake mechanism, a wheel a stationary fixture supported at onepoint by the axle and enga' 1 1g the frame. of the vehicle at a distance t erefrom, a s lit r' brake member secured in non-rotata 1e position by said fixture, driving means, and

means operated by reversing said driving means for forcing theentire braking surface of said split ring brake member outwardly against said brak ing surface of the hub;

substantially. as described. 1. i I

7 JAMES S. COPELAND.

Witnesses v ARTHUR B. Jmmms H. ,E. HART.

five cents each, by addressing the commissioner of Iatentl. Washington, '1). 0: I 1

" It is hereby certified that in, Letters Patent No. 1,069,603, granted August 5, 1913, upon the application of James Copeland, of Hartford, Connecticut,fo'r an improvement in Driving and Braking Mechanisms for Vehicles, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as followst Page 1, line 74, for the, word exle read axle, same page, line 98, before the word removably insert the word is; page 2, line 89, for the word rest read rests; page 5, line 92, for the word break read brake; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record ofthe casein the Signed and sealed this 23rd day of September, A. D., 1913.

R. T. FRA'TZIER, I I aomme'seimwr of vSIS substantially as described.

5 52. The combination of a stationary supporting shaft, a revoluble hub provided with an inner braking surface and driving means,

braking means supported by said shaft, means for connecting said driving means and said hub forforward driving and dis; connecting the same for coasting, a driving or crankshaft and means for'producin contact between said'braking means an said braking surface of the hub for braking the latter upon the reverse movement of said driving or crank shaft, said braking means embodying anon-rotatable braking element having its entire braking surface movable against said braking surface of the hub and held in position by a stationary fixture supported at one point by said supporting shaft and having an extension engaging the vehicle frame at a distance from said supporting shaft; substantially as described.

53. The combination of a stationary supporting shaft, a coasting wheel hub revolu- 1y supported thereon and provided with an inner peripheral braking surface, a braking device embodying aradially extensible braking element applicable thereto and means for keeping said braking element 'in nonrotatable position, driving means, and means for moving the entire peripheral braking surface of said extensib e brakingelement outwardly into braking contact with said copies of this patent may be obtained to:

Patent Oflice.

[scan] Corrections in- Letters Patent No. 1,069,603.

hub provided with an inner braking surface,

braking surface of the hub on the reverse movement of said driving means; substantially as described. 54. The combination with a coasting wheel hub provided with an inner-,braking surface, of a brake mechanism comprising a stationary fixture, a slightly movable braking element connected non rotatably'thereto, driving means, and means actuated by the reverse movement of said drivin' means for forcing the entire "peripheral raking surface of said movable braking element outwardly in a radial direction against said braking surface of the hub, said stationary fixture being arranged to be supported by the' axle at one point and having an extension for engaging the vehicle frame at a distance from said axle; substantially as de scribed. v

55. In a hub brake mechanism, a wheel a stationary fixture supported at onepoint by the axle and enga' 1 1g the frame. of the vehicle at a distance t erefrom, a s lit r' brake member secured in non-rotata 1e position by said fixture, driving means, and

means operated by reversing said driving means for forcing theentire braking surface of said split ring brake member outwardly against said brak ing surface of the hub;

substantially. as described. 1. i I

7 JAMES S. COPELAND.

Witnesses v ARTHUR B. Jmmms H. ,E. HART.

five cents each, by addressing the commissioner of Iatentl. Washington, '1). 0: I 1

" It is hereby certified that in, Letters Patent No. 1,069,603, granted August 5, 1913, upon the application of James Copeland, of Hartford, Connecticut,fo'r an improvement in Driving and Braking Mechanisms for Vehicles, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction as followst Page 1, line 74, for the, word exle read axle, same page, line 98, before the word removably insert the word is; page 2, line 89, for the word rest read rests; page 5, line 92, for the word break read brake; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record ofthe casein the Signed and sealed this 23rd day of September, A. D., 1913.

R. T. FRA'TZIER, I I aomme'seimwr of 

